[SOLVED] Answer the following three questions listed below - Education

Please read page 49 in the textbook Interpersonal Messages— 2.2 Applying Cultural Awareness. Answer the following three questions listed below Applying Cultural Awareness.

Apply (use) key terms within your answers. See a list of key terms on page 48 at the bottom.

Interpersonal Messages
Fourth Edition

Joseph A. DeVito
Chapter 2
Culture and Interpersonal Communication

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Chapter Objectives
After reading this chapter, you should be able to:
2.1 Define culture, enculturation, ethnic identity, and acculturation, and explain why culture is important in intercultural communication.
2.2 Explain and give examples of the seven major ways cultures differ from one another.
2.3 Define intercultural communication, and explain the guidelines for effective intercultural communication.
2

Culture (1 of 5)
2.1 Define culture, enculturation, ethnic identity, and acculturation, and explain why culture is important in intercultural communication.
Culture: specialized lifestyle of a group of people passed on from one generation to the next through communication, not genes.
Every group has developed
Values
Beliefs
Artifacts
Languages
Ways of behaving
Ways of thinking
Art, laws, and religion

Culture (2 of 5)
Sex
Biological distinction between male and female
Gender
Cultural roles of “masculine” and “feminine”

What are your gender expectations of men? Women?

VIEWPOINTS Gender Stereotypes
The stereotype of the male generally defines him as logical, decisive, aggressive, insensitive, unemotional, non-nurturing, mechanically talented, and impatient. The stereotype of the female generally defines her as illogical, variable, nurturing, emotional, sensitive, mechanically untalented, and patient. (Ciccarelli & White, 2016).

Do your acquaintances maintain any of these stereotypes? What are some of the implications of thinking through these stereotypes?

Culture (3 of 5)
Learning Cultures
Enculturation
How culture is transmitted from one generation to the next
Ethnic identity
Acculturation
How you learn the rules and norms of a culture different than your native culture
Being exposed to a new culture
Who teaches you culture?
Can ethnic identity cause ethnocentrism?
How has your culture been modified by contact with a different culture?

Who teaches you culture?
Can ethnic identity cause ethnocentrism?

How has your culture been modified by contact with a different culture?

enculturation –

Interpersonal Messages
Fourth Edition

Joseph A. DeVito

Chapter 4
Listening in Interpersonal Communication
This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law:
any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network;
preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images;
any rental, lease, or lending of the program.

Chapter Objectives
After reading this chapter, you should be able to:
4.1 Define listening and its five stages and describe the ways you can increase listening accuracy at each of these stages.
4.2 Describe the four major barriers to effective listening, and explain how you can improve effectiveness in your own listening.
4.3 Define the four style of listening and explain how each may be used effectively.
4.4 Explain the major cultural and gender differences found in listening and their influence on interpersonal listening.
2

The Stages of Listening (1 of 6)
4.1 Define listening and its five stages and describe the ways you can increase listening accuracy at each of these stages.
Five Stages of Listening
Receiving
Understanding
Remembering
Evaluating
Responding

Figure 4.1 The Five Stages of Listening

The Stages of Listening (2 of 6)
Receiving
Speakers send both verbal and nonverbal messages
Receive messages more effectively by:
Focusing attention
Eliminating interruptions
Avoiding assumptions
Improving communication between people with and without hearing disorders
Set up a comfortable context
Avoid overlapping speech
Use common terms

VIEWPOINTS Hedging
Research shows that hedging reflects negatively on both male and female speakers when it indicates a lack of certainty or conviction resulting from some inadequacy on the speaker’s part (Pearson, West, & Turner, 1995). The hedging will be more positively received, however, if listeners feel it reflects the speaker’s belief that tentative statements are the only kinds a person can reasonably make.
What have your experiences been with hedging? How do you respond when someone uses a hedge? How do others respond when you use hedges?

The Stages of Listening (3 of 6)
Understanding
For better understanding:
Consider the speaker’s point of view
Rephrase or paraphrase
Ask questions

The Stages of Listening (4 of 6)
Remembering
Effective listening involves ability to recall details
Short-term memory
Long-term memory
Strengthening long-term mem

Interpersonal Messages
Fourth Edition

Joseph A. DeVito

Chapter 3
Perception of
Self and Others

Chapter Objectives
After reading this chapter, you should be able to:

3.1 Define self-concept, self-awareness, and self-esteem and explain the ways in which you may increase self-awareness and self-esteem.
3.2 Define perception and explain its five stages.
3.3 Define the six factors that influence interpersonal perception, and explain how you might increase accuracy in your own interpersonal perception.
3.4 Identify and give examples of the strategies of impression management.
2

The Self in Interpersonal Communication (1 of 5)
3.1 Define self-concept, self-awareness, and self-esteem and explain the ways in which you may increase self-awareness and self-esteem.

Self-Concept
Others’ Images of You
Comparisons With Others
Cultural Teachings
Self-Evaluations

Figure 3.1
The Sources of Self Concept

The Self in Interpersonal Communication (2 of 5)
Self-Awareness
Your knowledge of yourself
Understanding how your self-concept develops can increase your self awareness
The Johari Window

Figure 3.2 The Johari Window

The Self in Interpersonal Communication (3 of 5)
Your Four Selves
Open Self
Blind Self
Hidden Self
Unknown Self

5
Figure 3.3
Johari Windows of Varied structures

The Self in Interpersonal Communication (4 of 5)
Growing in Self-Awareness
Ask yourself about yourself
Listen to others
Actively seek information about yourself
See your different selves
Increase your open self

VIEWPOINTS Cultural Background
Your cultural background will significantly influence your responses to how you’d respond to this simple question, “Who am I?” In one study, for example, participants form Malaysia (a collectivist culture) and from Australia and Great Britain (individualist cultures) completed this test. Malaysians produced significantly more group self-descriptions and fewer idiocentric self-descriptions than did the Australian or British respondents (Bochner, 1994).

Can you identify self-descriptions that are influenced by your cultural orientation, particularly your collectivist-individualist orientation?

Cop

Interpersonal Messages
Fourth Edition

Joseph A. DeVito

Chapter 1
Foundations of Interpersonal Communication
This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law:
any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network;
preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images;
any rental, lease, or lending of the program.

Chapter Objectives
After reading this chapter, you should be able to:
1.1 Explain the personal and professional benefits of the study of interpersonal communication.
1.2 Define interpersonal communication.
1.3 Diagram a model of communication containing source–receiver, messages, channel, noise, and context, and define each of these elements.
1.4 Explain the principles of interpersonal communication and give examples of each.
1.5 Define communication competence and explain the essential interpersonal communication competencies.
2

Why Study Interpersonal Communication? (1 of 2)
1.1 Explain the personal and professional benefits of the study of interpersonal communication.
Personal Success
Requires effective interpersonal communication
Relationships are made, maintained, and sometimes destroyed based on interpersonal interaction
3

Why Study Interpersonal Communication? (2 of 2)
Professional Success
Communicating interpersonally is critical for all professions
Job interviews
Leading meetings

Employers look for people with “the ability to effectively communicate orally and in writing.”
4

VIEWPOINTS To communicate
Women often report that an essential quality—perhaps the most important quality—in a partner is the ability to communicate.

How important, compared to all the other factors you might take into consideration in choosing a partner, is the ability to communicate? What specific interpersonal communication skills would you consider “extremely important” in a life partner?

The Nature of Interpersonal Communication (1 of 6)
1.2 Define interpersonal communication.

Interpersonal Communication Involves Interdependent Individuals
Interpersonal communication is the verbal and nonverbal interaction between two (or more) “connected” people:
Friends
Lovers
Employer & an Employee
Family

They are interdependent, what one person
does has an effect on the other.

The Nature of Interpersonal Communication (2 of 6)
Interpersonal Communication Is Inherently Relational

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[SOLVED] Answer the following three questions listed below – Education

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